Step 1: Install the Wax Ring

Note: The toilet used in this project was completely assembled before installation. If installing a toilet that's not assembled, follow the manufacturer's instructions for assembly.

The roughed-in toilet plumbing included a knock-out flange to keep sewer gases out of the home and debris out of the drain. To remove the center of the knock-out flange, tap it with a hammer and pull out the center with locking pliers.

Unwrap the wax ring and center it on the flange. This ring compresses under the toilet's weight, creating an airtight, watertight seal.

Step 2: Position the Toilet

Slip the closet bolts into the slots in the flange and position them to go through the holes in the toilet base. Put nylon washers over each closet bolt, lowering them to the bottom of the bolts to help hold them still.

Set the toilet in place. It's always a good idea to have a helper for this part of the installation: Toilets are heavy, and it can be difficult to see the closet bolts from above. Try to have one person guide the toilet onto the bolts, while the other handles the heavy lifting. It's important to get the toilet positioned properly on the first try, or the wax seal can easily be ruined.

Step 3: Secure the Toilet and Finish Installation

Secure the toilet by attaching washers and nuts to the closet bolts. Cut off the excess length from closet bolts with a hacksaw and cover them with the bolt caps.

Attach water-supply line to the shut-off valve and the toilet.

Attach the toilet seat with the provided screws.