Infestation by insects or animals can be little more than a harmless nuisance, or it can have serious consequences for house structure. It is therefore important to be aware of the telltale signs of infestation, how to recognize the particular animal or its traces, and how effectively to treat and rid yourself of the problem. The table opposite lists some of the pests and the dangers they may pose to a house structure.

Handling Poisons

Many of the chemicals used in dealing with infestation are toxic or poisonous. For this reason, adhere strictly to manufacturers’ guidelines. Make sure that all such products are stored out of the reach of children (preferably in a locked cabinet). Similarly, make sure that children cannot come in contact with poisons once they have been deployed around the house.

Insects and Animals

With all insect and animal infestations, the general rule is that if you find one (or evidence of one), there are likely to be more. Early identification is key to dealing with the problem before it can escalate into a far less manageable situation. Fortunately, most problems can be brought under control without professional help.

Woodworm

A group of wood-boring beetles, commonly known as woodworm, can cause serious structural problems. Obvious signs are small flight holes in lumber; dust around the holes confirms that the worm is active. Immediate treatment is essential.

Furniture Beetle
This small brown beetle is generally found during the summer months. It is usually about 1/8 inch in length.

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Deathwatch Beetle This gray-brown beetle prefers old hardwoods. Up to 1/4 inch long, it lays its larvae in wood; years later the larvae emerge as beetles.

House Longhorn Beetle
This is less common than the two above, but is equally destructive. It can be up to 1/8 inch long.

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Weevil
This has an elongated snout that it uses to bore into the wood. Weevils are found in a range of colors and sizes.

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Identification

There are various ways of identifying which pests have entered your home. Some distinctive signs of common pests are shown below.

Flies
Apart from the flies themselves, maggots (bluebottle fly maggots) are the most obvious sign of fly infestation. They may be found in decaying food or in any rotting organic matter.

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Wasps
A wasp nest is the obvious source of a wasp problem in your home. It may be found in the open (e.g., in an attic), or hidden in a cavity wall.

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Bees
Some bees live in nests, while others are solitary and live alone. They tend to nest in enclosed spaces.

Rodents
Frayed wires, gnawed woodwork, holes in woodwork, nests in attic insulation, and rodent droppings all signify a rat or mouse infestation. Rodents cause minor structural damage, but gnawed electrical wires and cables can cause considerable trouble.

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Birds
Nests can be found in cracks and crevices in masonry, as well as in attics, or attached to downspouts and soffits. Bear in mind that some birds are protected, so tampering with nests and eggs can be illegal. It is best to discourage nesting before it occurs.

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Identification

Insect and animal pest: Fly
Problem: Poor hygiene can cause fly infestations. They pose no structural problems, but their body fluids can stain decorated surfaces. They also pose a general health hazard by spreading bacteria.
Solution: Keep food covered; promptly dispose of garbage; use insecticides