Roses are sold in containers or as bare-root plants. Bare-root plants are available only during the dormant season and are less expensive than containerized plants. Most large mail-order companies ship bare-root roses. When you receive the package, it's important to keep the roots from drying out if you can't plant the roses right away. Bare-root roses can be kept in their original package for up to two weeks, presuming you keep the roots moist and store the box in a cool, dry place. Before planting, soak bare-root roses in water for two to 24 hours to make sure the plants are thoroughly hydrated. To plant bare-root roses, dig a hole 18" deep and as wide or wider in a site that will receive at least six hours of sun per day during the summer. Amend the soil if necessary (roses prefer a rich, fast-draining, organic soil). Build a cone-shaped mound of soil in the bottom of the planting hole, and test to see that the depth will be correct, with the bud union above or below the soil level, depending on your climate. Gardeners in mild climates prefer to keep the bud union above or just at soil level; those in Zones 6 and below often set the bud union 1" to 2" or more below the surface for protection against winter cold. Spread the roots out evenly over the cone, and fill in the hole, checking to make sure the planting depth is correct, and water well. Prune off any dead wood. Mulch the surrounding soil to retain moisture and prevent weed growth. Don't use fertilizer until you begin to see new growth. Containerized roses can be planted as soon as they arrive at garden centers or nurseries, typically in late spring. To plant them, dig a hole twice the diameter of the root ball, and amend the soil. remove the rose from the pot and plant it in the hole at the same depth as it was originally planted in its container (unless the bud union is exposed and you'd like to plant it below ground in order to provide more protection from winter cold). Fill the hole with soil, water well, and lay down a layer of mulch to prevent moisture loss and reduce weed growth. Containerized roses can also be planted in fall, an advantage in cold climates. That gives the roots a chance to become established before winter weather sets in.
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